DeathCap
(Amanita phalloides)
跟Destroying
Angel二者属于英国最毒的蘑菇。不常见,但有些年份会很多。
Deathcap也叫毒鹅膏/鬼笔鹅膏,可以指欧洲的黄绿毒鹅膏菌,东亚的黄盖毒鹅膏菌。
幼毒鹅膏和可以食用草菇很像。可以通过Spore Print区分,草菇Spore Print为粉红色。
Cap, Olive/green sometimes with a flush
of tan or yellow. Slimy when wet but still looking shiny when dry. (菌盖沾水黏性变强,表皮易脱落)。
Gills, white/cream, free of the
stem. Crowded.
Stem, white with a bulbous base
and surrounded by a thin veil (volva) which is sack-like at ground height,
tapering slightly towards the cap. The top of the volva will often be found
attached to the stem more than halfway up, looking like a skirt.
Skirt, has obvious striations under the
skirt sometimes visible on top.
Volva, a very
obvious deep volva.
Flesh, white.
Spore print, white.
The symptoms start several hours
after ingestion with severe vomiting, diarrhoea and abdominal pains and can
last for a few days; this is followed by what seems to be a full recovery for a
few days but ending in death from kidney and liver failure. The main poison,
alpha-amanitin, kills liver cells and passes through the kidneys to be
recirculated and cause more damage.